BLOOD & LYMPHATIC SYSTEM P1 – STRUCTURE & TERMINOLOGY

Question 1 The primary function of blood is to:

Produce hormones

Transport gases, nutrients, and waste products

Control muscle contraction

Produce immune cells only

Question 2 Blood is classified as a type of:

Epithelial tissue

Muscle tissue

Nervous tissue

Connective tissue

Question 3 The liquid portion of blood is called:

Serum

Plasma

Lymph

Hemoglobin

Question 4 Which blood cell is responsible for oxygen transport?

Platelet

White blood cell

Red blood cell

Lymphocyte

Question 5 The medical term “erythrocyte” refers to a:

White blood cell

Red blood cell

Platelet

Stem cell

Question 6 Hemoglobin is mainly responsible for:

Blood clotting

Immune defense

Oxygen binding and transport

Hormone transport

Question 7 Which blood component is essential for clot formation?

Plasma proteins

Erythrocytes

Leukocytes

Platelets

Question 8 The medical term “leukocyte” refers to a:

Red blood cell

White blood cell

Platelet

Plasma protein

Question 9 Which prefix means “blood”?

Lympho-

Hemo- / Hema-

Cardio-

Neuro-

Question 10 The process of blood cell formation is called:

Hemostasis

Hematopoiesis

Phagocytosis

Erythrolysis

Question 11 Red blood cells are primarily produced in the:

Liver

Spleen

Bone marrow

Lymph nodes

Question 12 Which type of leukocyte is most abundant in the blood?

Lymphocyte

Monocyte

Neutrophil

Eosinophil

Question 13 Neutrophils mainly function to:

Produce antibodies

Fight parasitic infections

Phagocytose bacteria

Release histamine

Question 14 Which leukocyte is primarily involved in allergic reactions?

Basophil

Neutrophil

Monocyte

Lymphocyte

Question 15 The medical term “anemia” refers to:

Low white blood cell count

Low platelet count

Reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of blood

Excess red blood cells

Question 16 Which blood protein is essential for clotting?

Albumin

Globulin

Fibrinogen

Hemoglobin

Question 17 The lymphatic system primarily functions to:

Pump blood

Regulate hormones

Maintain fluid balance and immune defenseDigest nutrients

Question 18 Lymph is best described as:

Blood without cells

Plasma filtered into tissues

Interstitial fluid collected into lymphatic vessels

A type of serum

Question 19 Which structure filters lymph?

Spleen

Lymph node

Bone marrow

Thymus

Question 20 Which organ filters blood and removes old red blood cells?

Thymus

Lymph node

Spleen

Tonsil

Question 21 The thymus is essential for maturation of:

B lymphocytes

Red blood cells

T lymphocytes

Platelets

Question 22 Which lymphatic vessel drains lymph into the venous circulation?

Thoracic duct

Lymph capillary

Lymph node

Cisterna chyli

Question 23 Which term refers to excess lymph fluid accumulation in tissues?

Anemia

Edema

Hematoma

Leukopenia

Question 24 Which blood disorder involves low platelet count?

Leukemia

Thrombocytopenia

Polycythemia

Anemia

Question 25 Which leukocyte produces antibodies?

Neutrophil

T lymphocyte

B lymphocyte

Monocyte

Question 26 The medical term “leukopenia” means:

Excess white blood cells

Reduced white blood cells

Increased platelets

Reduced red blood cells

Question 27 Which condition refers to excess red blood cells?

Anemia

Leukemia

Polycythemia

Thrombosis

Question 28 Which structure lacks a central pump like the heart?

Cardiovascular system

Respiratory system

Lymphatic system

Digestive system

Question 29 Which mechanism moves lymph through lymphatic vessels?

Heart contraction

Gravity only

Skeletal muscle contraction

Hormonal control

Question 30 Why does anemia cause fatigue and shortness of breath?

Reduced blood volume

Reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of blood

Excess white blood cells

Increased blood viscosity

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Fewer functional red blood cells or hemoglobin reduce oxygen delivery to tissues.

Question 31 Why are neutrophils increased during bacterial infection?

They produce antibodies

They are the first responders to bacterial invasion

They activate T cells

They regulate inflammation

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Neutrophils rapidly migrate to infection sites to phagocytose bacteria.

Question 32 Why does the spleen enlarge in some blood disorders?

Increased hormone production

Increased filtration of abnormal blood cells

Reduced lymph flow

Bone marrow failure

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: The spleen removes damaged blood cells, causing enlargement when workload increases.

Question 33 Why is fibrinogen essential for hemostasis?

It binds oxygen

It forms fibrin threads to stabilize blood clots

It destroys pathogens

It transports hormones

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Fibrinogen is converted to fibrin, forming the structural framework of a clot.

Question 34 Why does lymphatic obstruction cause edema?

Increased blood pressure

Failure to return interstitial fluid to circulation

Reduced plasma protein synthesis

Increased urine output

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Blocked lymph flow leads to fluid accumulation in tissues

Question 35 Why are lymph nodes enlarged during infection?

Increased red blood cell production

Increased lymphocyte activation and proliferation

Excess plasma filtration

Increased platelet production

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Immune activation causes lymphocyte multiplication within nodes

Question 36 Why does leukemia affect normal blood cell production?

Increased hormone secretion

Malignant proliferation of white blood cells in bone marrow

Reduced lymph flow

Increased clot formation

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Cancerous leukocytes crowd out normal hematopoietic cells

Question 37 Why is the thymus most active during childhood?

Red blood cell production

Maturation of T lymphocytes

Antibody secretion

Blood filtration

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: T cell development is crucial in early immune system formation

Question 38 Why does polycythemia increase the risk of thrombosis?

Reduced platelet count

Increased blood viscosity

Reduced oxygen levels

Increased lymph flow

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Excess red blood cells thicken blood, slowing flow and promoting clot formation.

Question 39 Why does removal of the spleen increase infection risk?

Reduced hormone production

Loss of blood filtration and immune response

Reduced platelet count only

Reduced lymph drainage

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: The spleen plays a major role in filtering pathogens and mounting immune responses.

Question 40 The main purpose of studying blood and lymphatic terminology is to:

Memorize cell names

Replace laboratory testing

Accurately describe structure, function, and hematologic disorders

Avoid clinical examination

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Proper terminology supports diagnosis, communication, and patient management.

Bấm vào câu đã làm

để xem lại đáp án + lời giải chi tiết

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40